android的五種存儲方式分別是：
1，SharedPreferences
2，file
3，sqlite
4，contentproviter
5，http
ContentProvider
註意：
大多數ContentProvider使用Android文件系統或者SQLite數據庫來保持數據，但是也可以以任何方式來存儲。
在清單文件中註冊一個自定義ContentProviter
重寫一個TestContentProvider類繼承ContentProviter
public class TestContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
//這裡的AUTHORITY就是我們在AndroidManifest.xml中配置的authorities
public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.lh.knowledge.contentprovider";
//匹配成功後的匹配碼
private static final int MATCH_ALL_CODE = 100;
private static final int MATCH_ONE_CODE = 101;
private static UriMatcher uriMatcher;//uri匹配器
private Cursor cursor = null;//遊標
List testBeanList = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
public boolean onCreate() {
initData();
//添加要匹配的uri，匹配不成功返回NO_MATCH(-1)
uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
/**
* uriMatcher.addURI(authority, path, code); 其中
* authority：主機名(用於唯一標示一個ContentProvider,這個需要和清單文件中的authorities屬性相同)
* path:路徑路徑(可以用來表示我們要操作的數據，路徑的構建應根據業務而定)
* code:返回值(用於匹配uri的時候，作為匹配成功的返回值)
*/
uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "student", MATCH_ALL_CODE);// 匹配記錄集合
uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "student/#", MATCH_ONE_CODE);// 匹配單條記錄
return false;
}
private void initData() {
TestBean testBean1 = new TestBean();
testBean1.setId(1);
testBean1.setName("aaa");
testBean1.setPrice(5.2);
testBean1.setSex(false);
testBeanList.add(testBean1);
TestBean testBean2 = new TestBean();
testBean1.setId(2);
testBean1.setName("bbb");
testBean1.setPrice(6.2);
testBean1.setSex(true);
testBeanList.add(testBean2);
TestBean testBean3 = new TestBean();
testBean1.setId(3);
testBean1.setName("ccc");
testBean1.setPrice(0.2);
testBean1.setSex(false);
testBeanList.add(testBean3);
}
/**
* @param uri
* @param projection
* @param selection
* @param selectionArgs
* @param sortOrder
* @return
*/
@Nullable
@Override
public Cursor query(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String[] projection, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs, @Nullable String sortOrder) {
//這裡的查詢需要配合sqlite來使用
return null;
}
@Nullable
@Override
public String getType(@NonNull Uri uri) {
return null;
}
@Nullable
@Override
public Uri insert(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values) {
int match = uriMatcher.match(uri);
if (match != MATCH_ALL_CODE) {//這裡不能匹配集合，隻能匹配單個
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unkwon Uri:" + uri.toString());
}
//
int indexId = values.getAsInteger("indexId");
Uri insertUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, indexId);
if (indexId > 0) {
TestBean testBean = new TestBean();
testBean.setId(indexId);
testBean.setName("content provider userid " + indexId);
testBeanList.add(testBean);
return insertUri;
}
return null;
}
@Override
public int delete(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs) {
//匹配uri
switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
case MATCH_ALL_CODE://集合
int i = testBeanList.size();
testBeanList.clear();
return i;
case MATCH_ONE_CODE://單個
int postion = Integer.parseInt(selection);
testBeanList.remove(postion);
return 1;
default://拋出異常，沒有匹配到uri
//throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unkwon Uri:" + uri.toString());
return 0;
}
}
@Override
public int update(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs) {
int postion = Integer.parseInt(selection);
if (postion > testBeanList.size() - 1) return 0;
TestBean testBean = testBeanList.get(postion);
if (testBean == null) return 0;
String name = values.getAsString("name");
testBean.setName(name);
return 1;
}
}
如何使用ContentProvider來存儲數據
public class ContentProviderActivity extends Activity {
private ContentResolver contentResolver;
private final Uri STUDENT_ALL_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + TestContentProvider.AUTHORITY + "/student");
private final Uri STUDENT_ONE_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + TestContentProvider.AUTHORITY + "/student/#");
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
//這裡說明內容提供者的uri正確，隨機操作增刪改查
/**
* @param uri
* @param projection
* @param selection
* @param selectionArgs
* @param sortOrder
* @return cursor
*/
Cursor cursorAll = contentResolver.query(STUDENT_ALL_URI, null, null, null, null);
//查詢userid為1的用戶
Cursor cursorOne = contentResolver.query(STUDENT_ONE_URI, null, "1", null, null);
//刪除userid為2的用戶，返回當前刪除條數
int i = contentResolver.delete(STUDENT_ONE_URI, "2", null);
//修改
ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
contentValues.put("name", "test");
int updateNumber = contentResolver.update(STUDENT_ONE_URI, contentValues, "1", null);
//這裡的方法都與TestContentProvider中的方法相對應
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
//獲得內容提供者解析器
contentResolver = getContentResolver();
//註冊內容觀察者
contentResolver.registerContentObserver(STUDENT_ALL_URI, true, new PersonOberserver(handler));
}
/**
* 觀察者，如果找到瞭當前uri的提供者，則會回調
*/
public class PersonOberserver extends ContentObserver {
private Handler handler;
public PersonOberserver(Handler handler) {
super(handler);
this.handler = handler;
}
@Override
public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
super.onChange(selfChange);
//向handler發送消息,找到瞭當前的提供者
Message msg = new Message();
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
ContentProviter能夠跨進程的存儲數據，通過調用相對應的方法能夠增、刪、改、查。