我們也可以創建另外一種碎片——DialogFragment。顧名思義,DialogFragment就是一個浮動在Activity上面的Fragment。當需要用戶的反饋時,DialogFragment就會派上用場。與使用ListFragment類似,需要繼承DialogFragment基類。
下面將會展示如何使用DialogFragment。
1. 創建一個工程:DialogFragmentExample。
2. 在包路徑下面新建一個類,Fragment1。
[java]
public class Fragment1 extends DialogFragment {
static Fragment1 newInstance(String title) {
Fragment1 fragment = new Fragment1();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putString("title", title);
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
}
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
String title = getArguments().getString("title");
return new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity())
.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTitle(title)
.setPositiveButton("OK",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int whichButton) {
((DialogFragmentExampleActivity)
getActivity()).doPositiveClick();
}
})
.setNegativeButton("Cancel",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int whichButton) {
((DialogFragmentExampleActivity)
getActivity()).doNegativeClick();
}
}).create();
}
}
3. DialogFragmentExampleActivity.java中的代碼。
[java]
public class DialogFragmentExampleActivity extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Fragment1 dialogFragment = Fragment1.newInstance(
"Are you sure you want to do this?");
dialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), "dialog");
}
public void doPositiveClick() {
//—perform steps when user clicks on OK—
Log.d("DialogFragmentExample", "User clicks on OK");
}
public void doNegativeClick() {
//—perform steps when user clicks on Cancel—
Log.d("DialogFragmentExample", "User clicks on Cancel");
}
}
4. 按F11在模擬器上調試。會看到一個對話框,點擊OK或Cancel按鈕會彈出消息。
要創建一個DialogFragment,首先要繼承DialogFragment基類:
[java]
public class Fragment1 extends DialogFragment{
}
在這個例子中,我沒創建一個警告對話框,它包含一條警告消息和兩個可供點擊的按鈕。在Fragment1類中,我們定義瞭一個newInstance()方法:
[java]
static Fragment1 newInstance(String title) {
Fragment1 fragment = new Fragment1();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putString("title", title);
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
}
這個newInstance()方法允許創建一個碎片的實例對象,同時,它也可以接受一個指定的字符串參數,這個參數就是對話框中的消息。title對象被存儲在一個Bundle對象中,之後會用到它。
接下來,我們定義瞭onCreateDialog()方法,這個方法在onCreate()之後,onCreateView()之前被調用:
[java]
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
String title = getArguments().getString("title");
return new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity())
.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTitle(title)
.setPositiveButton("OK",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int whichButton) {
((DialogFragmentExampleActivity)
getActivity()).doPositiveClick();
}
})
.setNegativeButton("Cancel",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int whichButton) {
((DialogFragmentExampleActivity)
getActivity()).doNegativeClick();
}
}).create();
}
然後,我們可以創建兩個按鈕OK和Cancel。對話框的標題是從Bunddle對象中取出來的。
想要把對話框碎片顯示出來,我們創建一個它的實例,然後調用show()方法即可:
[java]
Fragment1 dialogFragment = Fragment1.newInstance(
"Are you sure you want to do this?");
dialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), "dialog");
同時,我們需要實現兩個回調方法,doPositiveClick()和doNegativeClick(),通過這兩個方法去處理用戶的輸入事件:
[java]
public void doPositiveClick() {
//—perform steps when user clicks on OK—
Log.d("DialogFragmentExample", "User clicks on OK");
}
public void doNegativeClick() {
//—perform steps when user clicks on Cancel—
Log.d("DialogFragmentExample", "User clicks on Cancel");
}
註:在Android 4.0版本以後,官方推薦使用DialogFragment去替換Dialog。大傢可以看看Android 4.0的Launcher等源碼,這些源碼中大量使用瞭Fragment類。